Various Skin Diseases

Leather and apendicesnya are complex structures that make up the body tissues strong and hard. Its function can be affected by damage to the structure demikia also by the disease. Since there are many diseases that affect the skin, only the most frequently found which will be discussed here.

• The skin consists of two layers

     epidermis or outer layer, and the dermis or true skin. There is also apendices the skin including hair and nails

• epidermis

Epidermis consists of epithelial cells that have keratinization which contain fatty material which makes the skin waterproof. Tues superficial stratum of this kostan removed and replaced. Another cell containing an oily liquid. The third layer consisting of cells that contain granules that can merefraksi light and help give the white color of the skin. The fourth layer contains cells that produce melamine, a substance which acts as a protection against the effects of UV rays. The epidermis contains no blood vessels, but the lymph circulating in the intercellular spaces. 

• Dermis  

Dermis consists of fibrous tissue is more dense in the superficial than the inside. Identified two layers: the first contains sensory nerve endings, blood vessels and limfatika, the second contains collagen fibers, elastic fibers, sebaceous glands, sudorifera glands, hair follicles and the muscular arrektor pilli.

•   Hypodermic

This is a transitional zone between the skin and adipose tissue beneath. Contain fat cells as well as white and yellow connective tissue, the coil of a number of sebaceous glands and hair roots of a number.

Provision of food substances or porium dermis depends on the veins and limfatika. Whether or not nerve bermielin bermielin found in the skin that contains the end-organ and lots of nerve fibers. These organs respond sensation of heat, cold, pain, itching, and touch lightly.

• Sweat glands

Sweat glands consists of glomeruli or the secretion and duct. In relative terms there is a rich supply of blood and sweat menskresi somewhat murky, almost odorless, nearly contain 99% water, and small amounts of chloride, urea, ammonium, uric acid and creatinine. Various types of sweat glands are found in areas such as the genetalia, anus, axillae and nipples and each also has a distinctive odor.

Appendises

• Appendises 

including hair and nails. Hair comes the epithelium and formed from a modified horn cells that arise in complex structures, namely the follicle which is located in the deeper dermis layer. At the time of hair across the surface of the dermis layer of the hair is coated by the excretion of sebum which is a small gland that is located adjacent to the hair shaft. Its function is to lubricate the skin and keep skin supple, acts as a water repellent and protects the skin from the dry air.

Nails consist of a modified horn cells which unite with the powerful. At the proximal nail matrix is formed in the skin. Base of the nail consists of prickle cells that undergo modification in which the nail is attached firmly.

Nails that some had color of blood and a portion of the pigment melanin in the epidermis mainly. As penitup the outside of the skin has many functions that are not only protective, but also including the following:

1. Acting as a barrier against infection from being in one piece, but it can also often undermined by the action of microorganisms with long-chain fatty acids found in the skin. Bacterial invasion can also be hindered by the acidity of the skin. 
2. Robust network resiliency to protect the underlying tissue. 
3. The skin acts as an insulator (hipoderm) and helps regulate body temperature. Control of body temperature is also a function of sudorifera glands and blood vessels. When a hot day, sweat glands menskresi, and evaporation causes cooling; blood vessels dilate to allow the discharge of body heat by increasing blood flow near the body surface. When it is cold, blood vessels constrict, reducing blood flow and thus reduce heat loss.
4. Because it contains sensory nerve endings, the sensation of the skin plays an important role in maintaining health. 
5. In appropriate conditions, skin dole vitamin D the body. This vitamin is formed by the photochemical action of UV rays on a suspected sterols excreted in the sebum.

• fingerprint

Fingerprints have formed on the third month of intra uterine life and this has important applications in genetics and medicine. Each individual has its own fingerprint pattern and this fact is used as a means of identification the police and in particular hospital. It was found that the number of genetic defects are fingerprints or abnormal foot prints. For example in Down syndrome (mongolism), fingerprint beransa more often than usual, and on Turner's syndrome there are more ridge than under normal circumstances.

•  Neonatal skin

The skin on newborn infants covered by an oily substance, vernix caseosa that magnifies the normal protective coat that is found in adult skin. This material is produced by sek maternal hormones that stimulate skin gland secretions of infants. The influence of these hormones lasts for a few months after birth, but the baby's own skin glands remains relatively inactive until puberty. Vernix should be left loose or lifted slowly. If the skin clean of vernix, the baby can be bathed with soap and soft dikeringkandengan. Drying can be further improved by using fine talc powder. Some babies are born with dry skin. This appears to be an inherited condition, where there is excess horny layer and are often less and sweat glands are less active than normal skin.

• Terminology In Dermatology Condition

Many different forms of the lesions described in the dermatological status that determines the specific disease. It can be divided in a form that does not damage the skin (primary lesion) and those that damage the skin (secondary lesions).

Related Post